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| | [[AFT installation]] |
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| == A MinnowBoard MAX working system ==
| | [[Manteiner python3-numpy]] |
| === The AFT elements and net ===
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| The testable devices are put in an isolated network (AKA AFT net).
| | [[Arduino Single power control unit]] |
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |+Line color code
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| |-
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| |Blue
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| |AC cable
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| |-
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| |Orange
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| |USB cable
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| |-
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| |Green
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| |Ethernet cable
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| |-
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| |Black
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| |Not a cable
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| |}
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| [[File:AFT.png]] | |
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| === The high level testing flow ===
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| Once AFT was installed and configure. It'll load its configuration options from ''''/etc/aft/*.cfg'''' files and reserve a device by using a lockfile so multiple AFT instances can't use the same device at the same time. Then the device is turned off and then on using the Remote power switch that’s defined in the device config files to reboot the device. When we turn the device on we start to send keystrokes right away from the file determined by '''''service_mode_keystrokes''''' in the AFT configuration files. These keystrokes will go to BIOS and choose the support image to boot from. So for example with basic Minnowboard max as DUT we would send F2-key multiple times to make sure we get to BIOS, then use the arrow keys to go to boot menu and then choose the memory stick as the bootable device and then send Enter. After that we try to connect to the DUT with ssh using the ip in the '''''dnsmasq.leases''''' file. We use the 'id' from device config files to know what ip address to use. When we can connect to the DUT with ssh, we make sure that DUT has booted to 'service_mode' by using 'uname -a' command on the device. After that we flash the testable image and inject ssh-keys to it so we can access it easily when we boot it. When the flashing has been successful we reboot the device. The procedure is the same as before, but now utilizing '''''test_mode_keystrokes''''' for booting the testable OS and 'test_mode' to know we have really booted the right OS. After that we invoke the tests on the DUT and on default turn off the device after everything has completed.
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| === Setup harness server ===
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| ==== OS Installation ====
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| The Linux distribution installed upon harness server during the creation of this document was Ubuntu yakkety.
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| ===== Important facts upon installation =====
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| During Installation process of Ubuntu It'll be requested the creation of a user, please create the user with the name '''''tester'''''. Additionally the computer name will have to be '''''testing-harness'''''.
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| When installation has finished. The 'sudo group' has to be enabled as passwordless upon file '/etc/sudoers'.
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| <pre>
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| # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
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| %sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
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| </pre>
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| It is important to denote that user tester has been set as part of 'sudo group' by the default Ubuntu installation.
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| '''''With user tester is going to be executed the overall of automated testing'''''.
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| ===== Ram and Disk distribution =====
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| The Ram and Disk details this harness server during the creation of this document were:
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# free -m
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| total used free shared buff/cache available
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| Mem: 15945 251 12904 54 2790 15311
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| Swap: 16278 0 16278
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| root@testing-harness:~# fdisk -l /dev/sda
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| Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
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| Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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| Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
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| I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
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| Disklabel type: gpt
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| Disk identifier: B15E7DED-0607-4F32-8072-8CEC8041A1A8
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| Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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| /dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
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| /dev/sda2 1050624 1920184319 1919133696 915.1G Linux filesystem
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| /dev/sda3 1920184320 1953523711 33339392 15.9G Linux swap
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| root@testing-harness:~# df -h
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| Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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| udev 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev
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| tmpfs 1.6G 9.3M 1.6G 1% /run
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| /dev/sda2 901G 39G 817G 5% /
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| tmpfs 7.8G 156K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
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| tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
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| tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
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| /dev/sda1 511M 3.4M 508M 1% /boot/efi
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| tmpfs 1.6G 44K 1.6G 1% /run/user/111
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| tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/1000
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| </pre>
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| ==== Firewall configuration ====
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| Firewall configuration is not provided, it is recommended that the testing harness is only kept in a trusted network.
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| To check if no firewall are configured over testing-harness, we can expect a similar output when inquiring iptables...
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# iptables -L && iptables -t nat -L
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| Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
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| target prot opt source destination
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| </pre>
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| ==== Setup Security shell ====
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| OpenSSH is a freely available version of the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol family of tools for remotely controlling, or transferring files between, computers. That's why it is required its installation upon testing-harness server.
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# aptitude install openssh-server
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| </pre>
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| ==== Setup NFS ====
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| AFT applies Network file system to share /home/tester directory where images and other files used in flashing for PC-devices within AFT net can be found.
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| ===== NFS is installed ? =====
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| To check if the NFS server is installed, we can do...
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# dpkg -l | grep nfs-kernel-server
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| </pre>
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| ===== How to install NFS ? =====
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| To install NFS these are the required packages...
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# aptitude install nfs-kernel-server
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| The following NEW packages will be installed:
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| keyutils{a} libnfsidmap2{a} libtirpc1{a} nfs-common{a} nfs-kernel-server
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| rpcbind{a}
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| 0 packages upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 459 not upgraded.
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| Need to get 470 kB of archives. After unpacking 1 884 kB will be used.
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| Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?]
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| </pre>
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| ===== Sharing /home/tester directory =====
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| The tester’s home will be set as shared directory
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# cd /etc
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| root@testing-harness:~# echo '/home/tester 192.168.1.0/24 (crossmnt,ro,root_squash,sync,no_subtree_check)' >> exports
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| </pre>
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| ==== Setup DNS cache and DHCP server for AFT net ====
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| DNSmasq provides two services, either of which can be used independently.
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| # DNS service
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| # DHCP service
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| A local DNS cache can speed up internet browsing because the user's applications will not need to access a domain name server when it looks up a domain name the computer has visited before.
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| ===== How to install dnsmasq ? =====
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| To install dnsmasq these are the required packages...
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# aptitude install dnsmasq
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| The following NEW packages will be installed:
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| dns-root-data{a} dnsmasq dnsmasq-base{a}
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| 0 packages upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 459 not upgraded.
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| Need to get 0 B/329 kB of archives. After unpacking 886 kB will be used.
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| Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?
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| </pre>
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| At the sametime we have set up a simple DNS server. To test it, use your favorite DNS lookup tool pointed at localhost
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# nslookup yoctoproject.org localhost
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| Server: localhost
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| Address: 127.0.0.1#53
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| Non-authoritative answer:
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| Name: yoctoproject.org
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| Address: 140.211.169.56
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| </pre>
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| ===== Configure DHCP server =====
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| To enable the DHCP server of AFT net, you will need to give it a range of IP addresses to hand out. The AFT net server would hand out 92 address starting at 192.168.1.2 and ending at 192.168.1.99.
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# echo 'dhcp-range=192.168.1.2,192.168.1.99,10m' >> /etc/dnsmasq.conf
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| </pre>
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| To tell dnsmasq which ethernet interface it can and cannot listen on.
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# echo 'interface=eno1' >> /etc/dnsmasq.conf
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| </pre>
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| During the creation of this document the interface eno1 is the unique one connected to AFT net.
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| ===== AFT and its relation with dnsmasq.leases =====
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| As of dhcp server is up and running. AFT shall utilize dhcp-server's active ip leasing information to determine device IP address of PC-devices over AFT net. By default it is found upon /var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# cat /var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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| 1417132679 78:c5:e5:b4:4d:07 192.168.1.99 minox-fbe390b0bb404da *
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| 1417134678 20:54:76:e4:d8:a5 192.168.1.57 minoy-ab6e5d0a524c9c7d *
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| ......
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| .......
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| ........ and so on...
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| </pre>
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| Above a common dnsmasq.leases file.
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| === Setup USB stick ===
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| ==== Write support image on USB stick ====
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| A Debian operative system is used as support image for minnowboard. As of the memory stick is connected, it is required to verify how it was detected by OS. It is simple by using dmesg command.
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# dmesg
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| [354629.272050] usb 3-6: Product: ADATA USB Flash Drive
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| [354629.272051] usb 3-6: Manufacturer: ADATA
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| [354629.272052] usb 3-6: SerialNumber: 25C1008050080204
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| [354629.272594] usb-storage 3-6:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
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| [354629.272701] scsi host7: usb-storage 3-6:1.0
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| [354630.271607] scsi 7:0:0:0: Direct-Access ADATA USB Flash Drive 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
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| [354630.271921] sd 7:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
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| [354630.272050] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] 30310400 512-byte logical blocks: (15.5 GB/14.5 GiB)
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| [354630.272189] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
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| [354630.272192] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00
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| [354630.272329] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: disabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
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| [354630.278200] sdb: sdb1 sdb2 sdb3
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| [354630.279114] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk
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| </pre>
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| From this point onwards we are ready to record the image over USB stick
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# wget -qO- $CI_SUPPORT_IMAGES_URL/minnowUSB.image.tar.gz | gunzip | tar -xOvf - | dd of=/dev/sdb
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| root@testing-harness:~# sync
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| </pre>
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| Now Reboot the device and from BIOS menu select EFI USB Device from Boot Manager option.
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| ==== Stuff available and steady configurations on support image ====
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| We should find these directories upon /mnt. The first one is utilized to mount the network share directory /home/tester of testing-harness
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| <pre>
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| root@Debian-Minnowmax:~# ls /mnt
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| img_data_nfs super_target_root target_root
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| </pre>
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| We should find firmware required for Realtek Ethernet card that is utilizing minnow-board max
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| <pre>
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| root@Debian-Minnowmax:~# dpkg -l firmware-realtek*
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| </pre>
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| The support image can be accessed over SSH without a password (it was achieved by injecting a known public SSH-key to /root/.ssh/authorized_keys). In other hand, config file contains info about the private key to be used when connecting with other hosts. There is also enabled the ssh access to this support image as root.
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| <pre>
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| root@Debian-Minnowmax:~# ls .ssh
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| authorized_keys config id_rsa_testing_harness.pub id_rsa_testing_harness
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| root@Debian-Minnowmax:~# tail -n3 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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| # ADDITIONS BY SUPPORT IMAGE INSTALLATION SCRIPT:
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| PermitRootLogin yes
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| UsePAM no
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| </pre>
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| Additionally we should find the following debian packages installed.
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| <pre>
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| root@Debian-Minnowmax:~# dpkg -l nfs-common nfs-server bmap-tools openssh-server vim python python-pip vim
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| bash-completion nano initramfs-tools net-tools ntp locales parted attr tree
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| </pre>
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| ==== Required configurations on support image ====
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| ===== Logging on support image =====
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| As of support image has booted, it is posible to login as '''root''' by typing the password '''rootme'''
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| ===== Mounting harness shared directory '/home/tester' =====
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| Edit /etc/fstab to mount remote directory ''tester'' at every time when booting operative system.
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| <pre>
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| 192.168.1.1:/home/tester /mnt/img_data_nfs nfs rsize=8192,wsize=8192,timeo=14,intr,nolock,auto
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| </pre>
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| ===== Change network device name from eth1 back to eth0 =====
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| The interface name of a network device increases if the mac address of the physical network card changes. A common case is when booting a computer with an image created over a different one. It is to fix it by editing ''''/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules'''', (Copy the new mac address to the line of your eth0 rule and delete the new rule for eth1).
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| <pre>
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| # PCI device 0x15ad:0x07b0 (r8169)
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| SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:50:56:b2:23:e0",
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| ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
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| </pre>
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| === Install and configure AFT ===
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| This section assumes that the testing harness and USB stick have already been setup.
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| ==== Installation ====
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| AFT has to be installed upon testing-harness hosts by using the root user. AFT can be both installed and updated the same way: By cloning this repository or pulling in the latest changes and executing build and install subcommands with the setup.py installer
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| <pre>
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| root@testing-harness:~# git clone https://github.com/01org/AFT
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| root@testing-harness:~# cd AFT && python setup.py build
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| root@testing-harness:~# python setup.py install
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| </pre>
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| ==== Configuration ====
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| ===== Setting up platform.cfg =====
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| By default the file '''''/etc/aft/devices/platform.cfg''''' come with several sections. Each section was created for a family of device.
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| Minnowboard belongs to PC family.
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| <pre>
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| [PC]
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| ; PC Family are devices which have a network interface with
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| ; a fixed MAC-address and usually have a some sort of
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| ; BIOS/EFI menu.
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| ; To know ip address of DUTs over AFT net
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| leases_file_name = /var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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| ; keyboard sequence that will be used during configuration
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| ; to check and verify that the keyboard emulator is functional
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| ; (!!LATEST AFT COMMIT HAS REMOVED THIS BASIC HEALTH CHECK!!)
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| config_check_keystrokes = /home/tester/keystrokes/empty
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| [Edison]
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| [BeagleBoneBlack]
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| leases_file_name = /var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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| </pre>
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| ===== The keystroke files =====
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| Only two keystroke files are required.
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| # One to boot with the support image (AKA booting in ''''service/support mode'''').
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| # Another one to boot with the target image (AKA booting in ''''test mode'''')
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| During the creation of this document we have stored and created the keystroke files within ''''/home/tester/keystrokes'''' (By using tester user we have created the directory)
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| <pre>
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| tester@testing-harness:~/keystrokes$ more service_mode.json
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| {
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| "ktasks": {
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| "seq": [
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| {
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| "_desc": "EFI_Shell",
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| "_inst": "<f2>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "5"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_EFI",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Skip_startup",
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| "_inst": "<esc>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Select usb stick as boot device",
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| "_inst": "fs1:",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_device",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "EFI_Location",
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| "_inst": "efi\\boot\\bootx64.efi",
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| "_time_gap": "0",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_File",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "2",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Select first grub option",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "10",
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| "_times": "1"
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| }
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| ]
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| }
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| }
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| </pre>
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| <pre>tester@testing-harness:~/keystrokes$ more test_mode.json
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| {
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| "ktasks": {
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| "seq": [
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| {
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| "_desc": "EFI_Shell",
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| "_inst": "<f2>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "5"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_EFI",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Skip_startup",
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| "_inst": "<esc>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Select SD CARD as boot device",
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| "_inst": "fs0:",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_device",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "1",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "EFI_Location",
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| "_inst": "efi\\boot\\bootx64.efi",
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| "_time_gap": "0",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Enter_File",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "2",
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| "_times": "1"
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| },
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| {
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| "_desc": "Select first grub option",
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| "_inst": "<enter>",
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| "_time_gap": "10",
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| "_times": "1"
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| }
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| ]
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| }
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| }
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| </pre>
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